The Prevalence of Postoperative Wound Infection in Orthopedic Surgery at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh
Published: 2022-12-30
Page: 323-329
Issue: 2022 - Volume 5 [Issue 2]
Mohammad Shahin Akter *
Department of Orthopedics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh.
Mst. Maksuda Khatun
Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh.
Abul Hasan
Department of Orthopedics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh.
Shahidul Islam
Department of Orthopedics & Spine Surgery, Addin Women’s Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mohammed Salim Miah
Department of Orthopedics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh.
Md. Azizur Rahman
Department of Ortho-Surgery, Kaliganj Upazila Health Complex, Kaliganj, Jhenaidah, Bangladesh.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) in orthopaedic surgery are reported to have a prevalence ranging from 1 to 22%. These infections significantly impact various aspects of patient care, including increasing the cost of treatment, prolonging the use and abuse of antibiotics, and raising the levels of morbidity and rehabilitation required.
Aim of the Study: The objective of this study is threefold; firstly, to delineate the occurrence of SSI after elective orthopedic surgeries; secondly, to outline the epidemiological attributes of SSIs, including the timeline of SSI onset and the bacterial agents responsible; and lastly, to determine the autonomous risk factors that correlate with SSI.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh, from June 2021 to July 2022.
Results: A total of 100 patients participated in the study, and 6 out of 80 cases were diagnosed with an infection at the operative site on postoperative day 5. The overall incidence of infection in this study was 7.50%. The gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from the surgical site infection were E. Coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. E. Coli was found in 3 cases (42.9%), while Staphylococcus aureus was found in 4 cases (57.1%). Furthermore, we discovered a significant negative correlation between the time of antibiotic administration and pre-operative stay.
Conclusion: Moreover, numerous surgical procedures do not follow standard protocols, and various perioperative situations require modifications to established preventive measures. In our recent study on antibiotic prophylaxis, we found that prophylactic antibiotic treatments should be provided for a diverse range of surgical operations. It was observed that the types of harmful microorganisms and the degree of antibiotic resistance significantly varied among hospitals.
Keywords: Surgical site infection, orthopaedic surgery, risk factors
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Lee J, Singletary R, Schmader K, Anderson DJ, Bolognesi M, Kaye KS. Surgical site infection in the elderly following orthopaedic surgery: risk factors and outcomes. JBJS. 2006;88(8):1705-12.
McGarry SA, Engemann JJ, Schmader K, Sexton DJ, Kaye KS. Surgical-site infection due to Staphylococcus aureus among elderly patients mortality, duration of hospitalization, and cost. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2004;25(6):461-7.
Cruse PJ, Foord R. The epidemiology of wound infection: a 10-year prospective study of 62,939 wounds. Surgical Clinics of North America. 1980;60(1):27-40.
Rand JA, Morrey BF, Bryan RS. Management of the infected total joint arthroplasty. Orthopedic Clinics of North America. 1984;15(3):491-504.
Bosco III JA, Slover JD, Haas JP. Perioperative strategies for decreasing infection: a comprehensive evidence-based approach. JBJS. 2010;92(1):232-9.
Thu LT, Dibley MJ, Ewald B, Tien NP, Lam LD. Incidence of surgical site infections and accompanying risk factors in Vietnamese orthopaedic patients. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2005;60(4):360-7.
Campos ML, Cipriano ZM, Freitas PF. Suitability of the NNIS index for estimating surgical-site infection risk at a small university hospital in Brazil. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2001; 22(5):268-72.
Taylor EW, Duffy K, Lee K, Noone A, Leanord A, King PM, O'Dwyer P. Telephone call contact for post-discharge surveillance of surgical site infections. A pilot, methodological study. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2003;55(1):8-13.
Kalmeijer MD, Coertjens H, van Nieuwland-Bollen PM, Bogaers-Hofman D, de Baere GJ, Stuurman A, Van Belkum A, Kluytmans JW. Surgical site infections in orthopedic surgery: the effect of mupirocin nasal ointment in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2002;35(4): 353-8.
Pryor F, Messmer PR. The effect of traffic patterns in the OR on surgical site infections. AORN journal. 1998;68(4):649-60.
Soleto L, Pirard M, Boelaert M, Peredo R, Vargas R, Gianella A, Van der Stuyft P. Incidence of surgical-site infections and the validity of the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System risk index in a general surgical ward in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2003;24(1):26-30.
Mangram AJ, Horan TC, Pearson ML, Silver LC, Jarvis WR, Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection, 1999. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 1999;20(4):247-80.
Vegas AA, Jodra VM, García ML. Nosocomial infection in surgery wards: a controlled study of increased duration of hospital stays and direct cost of hospitalization. European Journal of Epidemiology. 1993:504-10.